制動過程中，由于制動器某些零部件的損壞或發生故障，使運動部件(或運動機械)不能保持停止狀態或不能按要求停止運動的現象。
In the braking process, because of the damage or failure of some parts of the brake, the moving parts (or the moving machinery) can not keep the stop state or stop the movement as required.
制動失靈的原因
Causes of brake failure
制動失靈的關鍵在于制動系統無法對汽車施加足夠的制動力，包括制動液管路液位不足或進入空氣、制動器無法正常工作、制動控制系統故障等原因都會導致出現制動失靈。
The key to brake failure is that the brake system can not exert enough brake force on the vehicle, including insufficient brake fluid level or air entering into the pipeline, the brake can not work properly, the brake control system failure and other reasons will lead to brake failure.
處理方法
processing method
遇到這樣的情況首先要保持冷靜。眼睛盯住前面的路面，繼續控制方向盤。集中注意力在車輛前面的路況上，注意前方的車輛、行人以及障礙物。在做好上面的工作之后，排查種制動失靈的狀況，就是看是否有異物卡在了制動踏板的下面，如果是這樣，用腳將異物踢開，絕對不要彎腰去用手操作。如果不是則要警告其他車輛的駕駛員以及行人。
In such a situation, first of all, we must remain calm. Keep an eye on the road ahead and continue to control the steering wheel. Concentrate on the road ahead of the vehicle, and pay attention to vehicles, pedestrians and obstacles ahead. After doing the above work, check the first brake failure situation, is to see if there is a foreign body stuck under the brake pedal, if so, kick the foreign body with the foot, never bend down to operate by hand. If not, warn other drivers and pedestrians.
把雙閃警示燈打開，并用喇叭提醒周圍的車輛以及行人你的車子出了問題。即使你不能告訴周圍的人你究竟出了什么問題，這種提醒也可以讓他們注意到你的車，而且會小心地關注你的車輛下一步的動作。
Turn on the double flashing warning light and use the horn to remind the surrounding vehicles and pedestrians that your car is having problems. Even if you can't tell the people around you what's wrong with you, this reminder will alert them to your car and watch carefully what your car is going to do next.
第三，來回踩踏制動踏板，這可以幫助恢復制動系統中的壓力，這有可能使你的制動系統恢復正常。如果有時間的話，你可以多嘗試幾次這樣的操作。第四，盡快掛入低擋，尤其是當你駕駛的是手動變速的車輛。第五，除了掛入低擋位的方法之外，還可以應用駐車制動來減速。后，如果上面的方法都不能使車輛減速，就只能利用一切可以利用的障礙使車輛停下來。
Third, pedaling the brake pedal back and forth can help restore pressure in the braking system, which may restore your braking system to normal. If you have time, you can try several times. Fourth, hang up low gear as soon as possible, especially when you drive a manual variable speed vehicle. Fifth, in addition to the low gear, the parking brake can also be used to slow down. Finally, if none of the above methods can slow the vehicle down, all the available obstacles can be used to stop the vehicle.
制動失靈的判斷與排除
Judgement and elimination of brake failure
1)連續踩下制動踏板，如踏板逐漸升高且有彈性感覺，但稍停一會后再踩踏板時仍然很低，即為制動系統內有空氣，這時應對制動系統進行排氣。
1) Continuous step down the brake pedal, such as the pedal gradually elevated and elastic feeling, but after a short pause when the pedal is still very low, that is, there is air in the brake system, the brake system should be exhausted.
2)一腳制動不靈，但連續踩幾次踏板時制動效果很好，一般為制動踏板自由行程過大或制動間隙過大。應調整踏板自由行程，而后檢查制動器間隙，必要時進行制動器解體修理。
2) One foot braking failure, but the continuous pedal several times when the braking effect is very good, generally for the brake pedal free travel or brake clearance is too large. The pedal free travel should be adjusted, then the brake clearance should be checked, and the brake should be disassembled and repaired if necessary.
3)踩下制動踏板時，不軟弱不沉，但就是制動效果不良，這一現象為車輪制動器故障，如制動蹄片有油或接觸不良、摩擦片老化、磨損、制動鼓磨損不均。應對制動技術狀況進行檢查，必要時進行調整和修復。
3) When stepping on the brake pedal, it is not weak and not sinking, but the braking effect is not good, this phenomenon is the wheel brake fault, such as brake shoe oil or poor contact, friction aging, wear, brake drum wear uneven. Check the braking technology status and adjust and repair if necessary.
With the summary of Jinan Benz car maintenance, I hope it will be helpful to our customers. If you don't understand or ask for help, please click on our official website: http://www.zhongzaojixie.com or call us for advice. We will try our best to solve it for you.
