汽車動(dòng)力性主要受發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)參數(shù)、主減速器傳動(dòng)比、變速器檔數(shù)及傳動(dòng)比、汽車流線形、汽車質(zhì)量、輪胎尺寸與形式和汽車行駛條件等影響。
Vehicle power performance is mainly affected by engine parameters, transmission ratio of main reducer, transmission gear number and transmission ratio, streamlined automobile, automobile quality, tire size and form, and driving conditions of automobile.
①發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)參數(shù)的影響有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)大功率、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)大轉(zhuǎn)矩和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)外特性曲線的形狀。
The influence of engine parameters includes the maximum power, the maximum torque and the shape of engine external characteristic curve.
②主減速器傳動(dòng)比的影響。主減速器傳動(dòng)比的選擇主要考慮汽車的用途及經(jīng)常使用的道路條件。
(2) The influence of transmission ratio of main reducer. The choice of transmission ratio of main reducer mainly considers the use of automobile and the road conditions which are often used.
③傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)檔數(shù)的影響。無副變速器和分動(dòng)器時(shí)，傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)檔數(shù)即為變速器前進(jìn)檔的檔數(shù)。變速器檔數(shù)增加時(shí)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在接近大功率工況下工作的機(jī)會(huì)增加，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的平均功
(3) The influence of transmission gear number. The number of gears in the transmission system is the number of gears in the forward gear of the transmission when there are no transmission and transmission. With the increase of transmission gears, the chance of engine working near maximum power increases, and the average power of engine increases.
④變速器傳動(dòng)比的影響。有變速器的小傳動(dòng)比和大傳動(dòng)比以及變速器各檔傳動(dòng)比的比例關(guān)系。
(4) The influence of transmission ratio. The relationship between the minimum transmission ratio and the maximum transmission ratio of the transmission and the proportions of the transmission ratios of each gear.
⑤汽車流線形的影響。汽車的空氣阻力系數(shù)對(duì)汽車的動(dòng)力性有影響。流線形對(duì)高速汽車的動(dòng)力性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性影響是非常顯著的，但對(duì)汽車能克服的大道路阻力影響不大。
_The influence of automobile streamline. The aerodynamic drag coefficient of a vehicle has an effect on its dynamic performance. Streamlinearity has a significant impact on the power and economy of high-speed vehicles, but it has little impact on the maximum road resistance that can be overcome by vehicles.
⑥汽車質(zhì)量的影響。汽車總質(zhì)量增加時(shí)，動(dòng)力因數(shù)將隨之下降，而道路阻力和加速阻力隨之增大。因此對(duì)于額定載質(zhì)量一定的汽車，在保證剛度與強(qiáng)度足夠的前提下，應(yīng)盡量減輕自身質(zhì)量，以提高汽車的動(dòng)力性。
_The influence of automobile quality. As the total mass of the vehicle increases, the power factor will decrease, while the road resistance and acceleration resistance will increase. Therefore, for a vehicle with a certain rated load quality, on the premise of ensuring sufficient stiffness and strength, it is necessary to reduce its own mass as far as possible in order to improve the power performance of the vehicle.
⑦輪胎尺寸與形式的影響。汽車的驅(qū)動(dòng)力與滾動(dòng)阻力以及附著力都受輪胎的尺寸與形式的影響，故合理選用輪胎花紋與形式對(duì)汽車的動(dòng)力性有重要意義。
_The influence of tire size and form. The driving force, rolling resistance and adhesion of automobiles are affected by the size and form of tyres. Therefore, it is important to choose the proper pattern and form of tyres for the power performance of automobiles.
⑧影響汽車運(yùn)行條件的主要因素有氣候條件、高原山區(qū)、道路條件等。在高原地區(qū)行駛的車輛，由于海拔較高，空氣稀薄，使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)充氣量與氣缸內(nèi)壓縮終點(diǎn)壓力降低，導(dǎo)致發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)功率下降。汽車行駛在壞路和無路的條件下，由于路面附著系數(shù)減小和車輪滾動(dòng)阻力增加，使汽車動(dòng)力性大大降低。
_The main factors affecting the running conditions of automobiles are climate conditions, plateau mountainous areas, road conditions and so on. Vehicles traveling in Plateau area, because of the high altitude and thin air, reduce the inflatability of the engine and the end pressure of compression in the cylinder, resulting in the decrease of engine power. Under the condition of bad road and no road, the vehicle dynamic performance is greatly reduced due to the reduction of road adhesion coefficient and the increase of wheel rolling resistance.
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